Development of new marker methodsan example from oil palm volume 1 issue 23 zuzana price, alan h. The oil palm is seen as the main instrument for socioeconomic development, particularly for the rural areas in malaysia and indonesia but. Genetics and genomics kindle edition by soh, aik chin, mayes, sean, roberts, jeremy a download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Oil palm is an important perennial oil crop with an extremely long selection cycle of 10 to 12 years.
Mixed model approach for ibdbased qtl mapping in a. Pedigree, identity by descent, quantitative trait locus, linear mixed model, oil palm background oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq. Genetics and genomics crc press book the oil palm is a remarkable crop, producing around 40% of the worlds vegetable oil from around 6% of the land devoted to oil crops. Previously, genetic linkage maps based on aflp, rflp and ssr markers were developed and qtls for fatty acid composition and yield components identified. Date palm genetic resource conservation, breeding, genetics, and genomics in california robert r krueger usdaarsncgrcd pag 2012. Genetic performance and general combining ability of oil palm. Species can constitute a single crop capable to fulfill the growing global demand for vegetable oils, which is estimated to reach 240 million tons by 2050. Assessment of genetic diversity of nifor oil palm main. Two types of vegetable oil are extracted from the palm fruit on commercial scale. Meanwhile for minor qtl controlling yield and other traits, oil palm breeders are testing the feasibilities of genomewide breedinggenetic value.
Genomic selection gs could overcome this constraint. Aa hybrida 2 will be produced in the near future as an improved product. It is the worlds leading crop for vegetable oil production 34. The editors are committed to making a significant, ongoing contribution to the advancement of tree genetics.
Such genetic variation is usually exploited in breeding. Breeding and genetics of the oil palm sciencedirect. Elaeis guineensis is the worlds leading source of vegetable oil, and the demand is still increasing. Deli is the name of a place while avros is the name of a research station in indonesia.
The fresh fruit bunches with longer stalk are displayed with the length ranging in between 3050 cm. Oil palm natural diversity and the potential for yield. This discovery may help balance the competing interests of meeting increasing worldwide demand for edible oil and biofuels on the one hand, and of rainforest conservation on the other, added singh, who is head of the genomics unit of the advanced biotechnology and breeding centre at the malaysian palm oil board mpob. But to date, studies on the diversity of the current nifor oil palm breeding populations have not. These breakthroughs will spur the further development of oil palm genomics. Traditional progeny tests allow accurate selection but limit the number of individuals evaluated. The genome sequence of pisifera is available whereas the dura form has not been sequenced yet. Oil palm breeding genetics and genomics request pdf.
Palm oil genome map will boost yields and protect environment. Mar 27, 2015 african oil palm has the highest productivity amongst cultivated oleaginous crops. Meiotic crossovers in outbred species, such as oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq. Much of our most basic understanding of genetics has its roots in plant genetics and crop breeding. Conventional breeding has clearly been the major focus of. Oct 15, 2015 oil palm breeding would benefit from markerassisted selection but genetic studies are scarce and inconclusive.
Planted on only 5% of the total vegetable oil acreage, palm oil accounts for 33% of vegetable oil, and 45% of edible oil worldwide, but increased cultivation competes with dwindling rainforest reserves. The advancement of oil palm breeding applied agricultural. Chromosomes and molecular cytogenetics of oil palm. The primary sequences of most plant genes will be determined over the next few years. The above traits could be improved through breeding and biotechnology. Mixed model approach for ibdbased qtl mapping in a complex oil palm pedigree. Basicinformation abouttomatoesandthetomatogroup 1 anacaicedo andiris peralta 1. So far, deli dura mother palm and avros pisifera father palm are used for plant breeding. Mpob experience maria madon 1 abstract cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that is concerned with the study of the structure and function of the cell, especially the chromosomes. Soh ac, mayes s, roberts ja 2017 oil palm breeding. Research work also relies on the identification of genetic variation in the.
The homepage presents the latest information on the isopb members directory, society activities and publications of oil palm breeding and genetics papers presented in seminars organized by the society. A high genetic diversity was observed with a total of 64 alleles including 23 rare alleles or alleles at frequencies less than 0. Oil palm breeding would benefit from markerassisted selection but genetic studies are scarce and inconclusive. Genetics and genomics complements the first one by taking a focused and expansive look at current and future practices in oil palm breeding and incorporating new molecular techniques for genetic improvement of the crop. A practical genomeenabled legitimacy assay for oil palm breeding. As such, any tool that speeds up its genetic improvement process, such as markerassisted breeding is invaluable.
Key topics include studies in horticultural and forest tree genomics. Mutation breeding download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Presents several chapters related to oil palm genetics, including oil palm genomics, tissue culture and genetic engineering. Abstract breeding the oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq. Genomic selection in forest tree breeding springerlink. Allelic variability of oil palm interpopulation progenies. Although it is planted on only 5% of the total world vegetable oil acreage, palm oil accounts for 33% of vegetable oil and 45% of edible oil. Biotechnology applications for plant breeding and genetics. Previously, genetic linkage maps based on aflp, rflp and ssr markers were developed and qtls for fatty acid composition and yield components. Agriculture is now well positioned to take its share benefit from genomics. Genomic preselection with genotypingbysequencing increases. Oct 07, 2015 chromosomes and molecular cytogenetics of oil palm. Jul 24, 20 oil palm is the most productive oil bearing crop.
Frontiers oil palm natural diversity and the potential for. The nifor tenera parents recorded the highest number of rare alleles. It also includes several topics related to oil palm genomics, tissue culture and genetic engineering of oil palm. Aar is different from the others as the plant breeder uses dumpy dura e206 with its short palm features and psifera s27b with high fresh fruit bunch production for plant breeding. A dynamic breeding sector has contributed to enhancing oil yields by 60 % in the last 50 years. Although it is planted on only 5% of the total world vegetable oil acreage, palm oil accounts for 33% of. The study of plants has led to important insights into highly conserved biological process and a wealth of knowledge about development. Biotechnological efforts at the palm oil institute of malaysia are directed toward the production of oil with high iv and high monounsaturated fatty acids for edible purposes and industrial uses. Mixed model approach for ibdbased qtl mapping in a complex oil palm pedigree mixed model approach for ibdbased qtl mapping in a complex oil palm pedigree. Konimor, selection and breeding progress in planting materials at dami oprs, papua new guinea, in proceedings of the seminar on sourcing of oil palm planting materials for local and overseas jointventure, pp. The same approach and concepts can be readily applied to forest tree breeding where long generation times and late. We sequenced the genome of one elite dura palm, and resequenced 17 palm genomes. The editors have all been involved in research and. The recent announcements of the breakthroughs in obtaining the oil palm genome sequence map herald a new chapter in oil palm genetic improvement.
Ssr markers are useful in oil palm population genetics and breeding studies 41, varietal identification 36 4246, pedigree analysis, genome mapping, and qtl detection for molecular markeras sisted selection 4749. The assemble genome sequence of the elite dura tree. Breeding, genetics and genomics, world leading organizations and individuals who have been at the forefront of developments in this crop, provide their insights and experiences of oil palm research, while examining the different challenges that face the future of the oil palm. Screening of wild oil palm elaeis guineensis germplasm for lipase activity volume 154 issue 7 y. The occurrence of unexpected fruit forms is a certain indication of problems. With genomic resources becoming increasingly available for the oil palm sequencing, resequencing and chips development the exploration of the genetic. Request pdf on mar 15, 2018, samsul kamal rosli and others published oil palm breeding genetics and genomics find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Gs is revolutionizing breeding practice in domestic animals. Improvement of palm oil through breeding and biotechnology.
The oil palm by corley and tinker has and continues to be the goto reference for oil palm breeding. The genetic diversity among 15 nifor breeding parents was assessed using 10 microsatellite markers. Linkagebased genome assembly improvement of oil palm. Through seed breeding and genome technology, scientists are.
This article examines how genomics would impact plant and oil palm breeding. Oil palm is the worlds leading source of vegetable oil and fat. Oil palm genome sequence reveals divergence of interfertile. Includes contributions from more than 80 wellknown scientists and researchers in the field. However, through breeding and selection, the oil yield of commercial plantations could reach as much as 8 thay.
Genomic selection gs involves selection decisions based on genomic breeding values estimated as the sum of the effects of genomewide markers capturing most quantitative trait loci qtl for the target traits. The oil palm, being a crosspollinated perennial tree crop, has adapted breeding methodologies developed in maize e. Conventional breeding has clearly been the major focus of genetic improvement in this crop. Aug 15, 20 oil palm is the most productive oil bearing crop. Contents dedication v preface to theseries vii preface to the volume xiii listofcontributors xxv abbreviations xxxi 1. Secondgeneration biofuels are made from a wider variety of nonfood sources, such as cellulose, algae and recovered waste products. The performance of 11 oil palm avros algemene vereniging van rubberplanters ter oostkust van sumatra pisiferas was evaluated based on their 40 dura x pisifera dxp progenies tested on inland soils, predominantly of serdang series.
Genetic background of three commercial oil palm breeding. African oil palm has the highest productivity amongst cultivated oleaginous crops. Isolation and expression analysis of genes encoding met, cmt, and drm methyltransferases in oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq. This characteristic will be included into new oil palm breeding lines. Draft genome sequence of an elite dura palm and whole. The average observed heterozygosity and mean gene diversity across all parental. However, due to the increasing demand for edible oil and the diverse range of uses. Apr 29, 2019 meiotic crossovers in outbred species, such as oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq. This study aims to identify genetic bases of oil palm production using a pedigreebased approach that is innovative in plant genetics. The oil yield from wild groves is presently less than 0. This is a practical guide to mutation breeding in oil palm, representing completely novel work supported by the plant breeding and genetics section of the joint faoiaea division vienna, austria. Fresh fruit bunch ffb yield of each pisiferas ranged from 121. I would like to welcome you to the official homepage of the international society for oil palm breeders isopb. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading oil palm breeding.
Breeding strategies and genetic resources for oil palm improvement are discussed with a focus on malaysia. The crude palm oil and kernel palm oil have different fatty acid profiles. As the oil palm is a very productive world average of 35 thayr of palm oil compared to less than 1 thayr of others oil world annual 2007 and profitable crop with versatile uses from its oils, its areas are expected to increase further. Abstract african oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq produces more than five times. Pdf applications and challenges of biotechnology in oil palm. Molecular research in oil palm, the key oil crop for the future. Mixed model approach for ibdbased qtl mapping in a complex.
The wrong parentage illegitimacy is believed to have further impact on oil yield due to the different genetic combining ability of every resulting. Genomic selection, oil palm, yield, relatedness, gblup, mendelian sampling term. Oil palm is the top oil crop and the only major crop and only oil crop not to have been improved by plant mutation breeding. Oct 15, 2019 soh ac, mayes s, roberts ja 2017 oil palm breeding. B hybrid progeny tests with almost 500 crosses for training and 200 crosses. I visited the oil palm fields to view the oil palm and other exhibits. Dura, pisifera and tenera are three forms of oil palm. Breeding, genetics and genomics, world leading organizations and individuals who have been at the forefront of developments in.
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